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英语阅读一自考题 26

英语阅读(一)自考题-26

(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、{{B}}第一部分选择题{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

二、{{B}}Ⅰ.CAREFUL READING{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：10.00)

We mustn't delay any longer.., swallowing is difficult.., and breathing, that's also difficult. Those muscles are weakening too...we mustn't delay any longer.

These were the words of Dutchman Cees Van Wendel de Joode asking his doctor to help him die. Affected with a serious disease, Van Wendel was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.

Van Wendel's last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on the subject.

The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia, although it is not technically legal there. However, doctors who carry out euthanasia under strict guidelines introduced by the Dutch Parliament two years ago are usually not prosecuted. The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering, that there is no chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia. In addition to this, a second doctor, must confirm that these criteria have been met and the death must be reported to the police department. Should doctors be allowed to take the lives of others? Dr. Wilfred Van Oijen, Cees Van Wendel's doctor, explains how he looks at the question: Well, it's not as if I'm planning to murder a crowd of people with a machine gun. In that case, killing is the worst thing I can imagine. But that's entirely different from my work as a doctor. I care for people and I try to ensure that they don't suffer too much. That's a very different thing.

Many people, though, are totally against the practice of euthanasia. Dr. Andrew Ferguson, Chairman of the Organisation Healthcare Opposed to Euthanasia, says that in the vast majority of euthanasia cases, what the patient is actually asking for is something else. They may want a health professional to open up communication for them with their loved ones or family there's nearly always another question behind the question. Britain also has a strong tradition of hospices-special hospitals which care only for the dying and their special needs. Cicely Saunders, President of the National Hospice Council and a founder member of the hospice movement, argues that euthanasia doesn't take into account that

there are ways of caring for the dying. She is also concerned that allowing euthanasia would undermine the need for care and consideration of a wide range of people; It's very easy in society now for the elderly, the disabled and the dependent to feel that they are burdens, and therefore that they ought to opt out. I think that anything that legally allows the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.

Many find this prohibition of an individual's right to die paternalistic. Although they agree that life is important and should be respected, they feel that the quality of life should not be ignored. Dr. van Oijen believes that people have the fundamental right to choose for themselves if they want to die: What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven't the right. And that when people are very ill, we are all afraid of their death. But there are situations where death is a friend. And in those cases, why not?

But why not? is a question which might cause strong emotion. The film showing Cees van Wendel's death was both moving and sensitive. His doctor was clearly a family friend; his wife had only her husband's interests at heart. Some, however, would argue that it would be dangerous to use this particular example to support the case for euthanasia. Not all patients would receive such a high level of individual care and attention.（分数：10.00）

(1).What does euthanasia mean?

?A. A way of killing oneself.

?B. A way of ending a patient's life naturally.

?C. The painless killing of people who are incurably ill or very old.

?D. A murder by the doctor.

（分数：2.00）

C. √

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。题干中的euthanasia一词指“安乐死”。

(2).How many countries in Europe permit euthanasia?

?A. All countries except Holland.

?B. Only two.

?C. None.

?D. Only one.

（分数：2.00）

D. √

解析：[解析] 判断题。文章第四段的第一句话中说道：The Netherlands is the only country in Europe

which permits euthanasia...。荷兰是欧洲允许使用安乐死的唯一一个国家。

(3).When euthanasia is carried out in the Netherlands, the doctor ______.

?A. can do it according to his own experience

?B. should follow the guidelines presented by the Parliament

?C. can do it according to patients' requests

?D. can adopt the advice of the patients' family members

（分数：2.00）

B. √

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。文章第四段的第二句话中说道：However, doctors who carry out euthanasia

under strict guidelines introduced by the Dutch Parliament...实施安乐死的医生必须严格遵守荷兰议会对此作

出的规定。

(4).Who is against euthanasia?

?A. Dr. Wilfred van Oijen.

?B. Dr. Andrew Ferguson.

?C. Cicely Saunders.

?D. Both B and C.

（分数：2.00）

D. √

解析：[解析] 判断题。文章第七、八段中很清楚地提到Dr. Andrew Ferguson与Cicely Saunders反对安乐死。(5).According to those who oppose euthanasia, Cees van Wendel's case ______.

?A. is a good example

?B. is a very valuable example

?C. is an exceptional example

?D. is a convincing example

（分数：2.00）

C. √

解析：[解析] 推理题。文章最后一段中提到，讲述Cees Van Wendel去世过程的这部电影的确让人很感动，也很敏感。

他的医生很显然是这个家庭的一位朋友，他的妻子心里也只有她的丈夫。然而，使用这个特殊的例子来支持安乐死的实

施是很危险的一件事情。可见，文中的这个事例只是个特殊的事例。

三、{{B}}第二部分非选择题{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

四、{{B}}Ⅱ.DISCOURSE CLOZE{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：10.00)

English is now the international language for airline pilots, scientists, medical experts, businessmen and many others. Consequently, more and more people are learning it. The BBC's English teaching programs are broadcast daily to four continents {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Films and video are on the air or used in institutions in over 100 countries. All this helps

to add more speakers to the estimated 100 million {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}. The rush to learn English has reached even China. The main reason for the upsurge (上升) in interest is {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Unlike many other widely used languages, English can be correctly used in a very simple form with less than one thousand words and {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}. This was pointed out in the 1920's by two Cambridge scholars, Ogden and Richards, {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Another reason for the popularity of English is that English-speaking countries are spread throughout the world. An estimated 310 million people in Britain, the U.S.A., Canada, Australia, South Africa, etc. {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Also in former British colonial areas in Africa and Asia {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}, no common language has been found which would make a suitable substitute for English.

In Delhi, although nationalists would prefer to phase out (逐步停止) the use of English, the man from South India finds English more acceptable than Hindi, {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Turning from India to Africa, a similar problem exists. However reluctant African nations are to use English and, as it were, subject themselves to a kind of cultural imperialism, there seems to be no alternative language which will do the job of communication effectively.

The view {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Some teachers who have returned from overseas consider it creates a wider gap between those who are educated {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Nevertheless, in many parts of the world, the technical and scientific knowledge needed to develop a

country's-resources and improve people's living conditions, is just not available in the mother tongue. A second language opens the door to the world-wide sharing of skills and discoveries in science, engineering and medicine.

A. and supplied to radio stations in 120 countries

B. very few grammatical rules

C. who use English as a second language

D. recent increase in China's contacts with the outside world

E. use English as their mother tongue

F. who devised a system called Basic English

G. while the northerner prefers English to any of the southern languages

H. where many local languages are spoken

I. that spreading the use of English is entirely beneficial has its opponents

J. English in one form or another will be spoken by far more people K. and those who have little or no education

L. it will doubtless continue to change and develop（分数：10.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：C）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：D）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：E）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：H）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：G）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：I）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：K）

解析：

五、{{B}}Ⅲ.WORD FORMATIONS{{/B}}(总题数：13，分数：25.00)

1.(simple) With their increasing power and versatility, computers 1 day-to-day life.

（分数：1.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：simplify）

解析：[解析] 根据题干可知主语computers后面需要填入谓语动词，因此要用形容词simple的动词形式使……简化，题意为。随着电脑功能的强大和普及，我们的日常生活越来越简化”。simplify

2.(remarkable) In recent years the Chinese labour market has been 1 successful in absorbing the increase in the number of graduates.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：remarkably）

解析：[解析] 译文：这些年，中国劳动力市场在吸引(大量)毕业生方面已经取得显著成功。文中形容词successful做表语，英语中形容词常用副词修饰。remarkable这个形容词的副词形式是在其后加-ly。

3.(memory) They listen to stories, 1 nursery rhymes, read picture books and gain other experiences that prepare them to read.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：memorize）

解析：[解析] 根据题干可知，并列连词and前后的形式一致，所以空白处应填入动词原形，名词memory记忆的动词形式是memorize。

4.(familiar) The goal of the experiment was to 1 the people with the new laws.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：familiarize(或familiarise)）

解析：[解析] 译文：实验的目的是使人们熟悉新法律。familiar是形容词，意为“熟悉的”，加上后缀-ize后变为动词familiarize，与with搭配，意为“使……熟悉……”。

5.(constancy) We've kept up a fairly 1 speed.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：constant）

解析：[解析] 根据题干可知空白处应该填入形容词作定语，所以填入所给名词的形容词形式constant不断的，题意为

“我应经保持一个相当平稳、持续的速度”。

6.(grow) A steady 1 in the popularity of two smaller parties may upset the polls in this region.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：growth）

解析：[解析] 译文：两个小党派人数的稳定增加可能会使这一地区的投票结果产生戏剧性变化。这里缺形容词steady

修饰的名词中心词。动词grow的名词形式是在其后加-th。

7.(accept) There was a general 1 that the defense budget would shrink.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：acceptance）

解析：[解析] general后面缺少中心词，此处应填入accept的名词形式。

8.(rich) Overseas students from a wide range of countries provide the opportunity to exchange

ideas and experiences, and 1 the intellectual and social life of the school.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：enrich）

解析：[解析] 根据题干可知，并列连词and前后成分需词性和结构一致，所以填入rich的动词原形。

9.(essence) Later a knowledge of Latin seemed to be not so 1.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：essential）

解析：[解析] 根据题干可知空白处需要填入形容词作表语，essence的形容词是essential基本的、不可或缺的，题意

为“不久拉丁语知识好像变得不再是不可或缺的了”。

10.(profit) Revising the procedure is entirely 1 exercise. We'd better give it up.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：profitless）

解析：[解析] 根据后面的内容“我们最好放弃”可知前面应该是说：修改这一步骤是完全无益的，所以应填入形容词profitless无益的。

11.(simple) The computer has 1 the difficult task of teaching reading to the deaf.

（分数：2.00）

）simplified（正确答案：1:__________________ 填空项．

解析：[解析] 译文：计算机已经将教聋人阅读这个任务简化了。这里需要动词的过去分词与has构成现在完成时。simple

这个形容词变动词为在其后加-fy。

12.(observe) Journalists are trained to be 1.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：observant）

解析：[解析] 根据题干可知空白处需要形容作表语，来形容主语记者的一种特质，所以填入形容词observant观察力

敏锐的，题意为“记者被训练的观察力很敏锐”。

13.(sound) The man slept well and 1, for he had run about a great deal during the day.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：soundly）

解析：[解析] 根据题干可知空白处需要填入副词作状语，所给词sound作为形容词用意为“安然无恙的”等，soundly

为副词，意为“酣然地”，题意为“那个人睡得正香正酣，因为他白天已经跑了很多路了”。

六、{{B}}Ⅳ.GAP FILLING{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：20.00)

through know educate take hold with of Latin proportionate

scholar claim international spoken require

For about a thousand years—from about the fifth century {{U}} {{U}} 1

{{/U}} {{/U}}the fifteenth—Latin was the second language of educated people all over Europe and all {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}works were written in Latin. For, before the invention of the printing press, reading and writing were skills {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}only to scholars. Most of the scholars were priests and clergymen, and Latin was the language of the church. Latin was a subject {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}in schools and in colleges, and all {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}people had some familiarity {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}it.

The number of people who study Latin has not grown smaller, but {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}it has become very much smaller. As ordinary people all over the world began to be able to read and write their own languages, and as scientific work of the sixteenth and later centuries came more and more to be written in living languages, a knowledge of Latin was not so essential. Thus, although Latin might once have been {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}as the most suitable of possible international languages (at least for Europeans), this time has definitely passed.

The earliest attempts to invent a simplified language for {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}use came in the seventeenth century, but it was not until the late nineteenth century that any sizable group of people did actually attempt to speak and write an artificial language. Esperanto, Which was published in 1887, was the first language really to {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. At one time or another, as many as eight million people have colleges

and schools many great a in taught been has It Esperanto. learned

in Europe, and the study of Esperanto was even made compulsory in some high schools in Germany.（分数：20.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：through）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：scholarly）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：known）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：required）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：educated）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：with）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：proportionately）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：claimed）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：international）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：take hold）

解析：

七、{{B}}Ⅴ.SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：10.00)

We mustn't delay any longer.., swallowing is difficult.., and breathing, that's also difficult. Those muscles are weakening too...we mustn't delay any longer.

criteria these that confirm must doctor, second a this, to addition been met and the death must be reported to the police department. Should doctors be allowed to take the lives of others? Dr. Wilfred Van Oijen, Cees Van Wendel's doctor, explains how he looks at the question: Well, it's not as if I'm planning to murder a crowd of people with a machine gun. In that case, killing is the worst thing I can imagine. But that's entirely different from my work as a doctor. I care for people and I try to ensure that they don't suffer too much. That's a very different thing.

disabled and the dependent to feel that they are burdens, and therefore that they ought to opt out. I think that anything that legally allows the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.

(1).The Dutch doctors who carry out euthanasia will follow the strict guidelines introduced by

the Dutch Parliament; What do the guidelines demand?（分数：5.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(They demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering, that there is no chance

of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia. In addition to this,

a second doctor must confirm that these criteria have been met and the death must be reported

to the police department.)

解析：

(2).What's the attitude of Cicely Saunders towards euthanasia?（分数：5.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(She is against it. She argues that euthanasia doesn't take into account that there

are ways of caring for the dying. She is also concerned that allowing euthanasia would undermine

the need for care and consideration of a wide range of people.)

解析：

八、{{B}}Ⅵ.TRANSLATION{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：25.00)

{{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}If language were for nothing but the communication of warnings and weather reports, an artificial international language would do nicely.{{/U}} But people have always had a need to do more than simply ell it like it is. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Language is for reporting not merely one's work.{{/U}} In our language we define ourselves. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}For this, a language needs idioms, needs all the oddities of grammar and style that reflect its history and development, all the poetic turns of phrases that have enriched it over the centuries.{{/U}} The language needs these? Well, perhaps not. Does a person need eyebrows? If you were to construct a human being, would you provide eyebrows? Is there some special reason why our

lips should be a different color from the rest of our face? Perhaps not, but this is how people—real people—are.

Artificial language is recommended highly for artificial people. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}The computers need it to simplify communication among themselves.{{/U}} {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}For communication between people, languages in all their diversity will remain and grow as mirrors of the growth and soul of the societies that speak them.{{/U}}（分数：25.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(如果语言仅仅作为警告和天气预报之类的信息交流的工具，一种人造的国际语言会做得十分好。)

解析：

__________________________________________________________________________________________

)

语言是用来报导的，而不仅仅只是起到语言本身的功能。(正确答案：

解析：

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(正因为此，一种语言需要习惯表达；需要奇怪的语法和风格，以反映和表现该语言的历史和发展；需要措

辞中所包含的所有诗意般的特点，以体现几百年来该语言的充实和丰富。)

解析：

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(计算机需要这种语言来简化它们相互之间的交流。)

解析：

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(对于人与人之间的交流，各种形式的语言将仍然存在并发展下去，仍然作为反映语言使用者所在社会的发

展和灵魂的镜子。)

解析：

高一学习英语的兴趣必须要扩展阅读

高一学习英语的兴趣必须要扩展阅读高一英语的学习必须扩大课外阅读,只有多读引发阅读兴趣才有成就感,自己可以选择快速阅读猜测单词的含义,如何拓展英语阅读呢?小编整理了以下几点希望可以帮助大家更好地进行拓展阅读. 英语熟练必须重复和模仿只有当我们精通时,我们才能形成一种无需思考的技能.在这个熟练的过程中,我们一定要不怕困难,坚持不懈地反复学习,相信我会学好英语的.实现你的梦想,帮助你学英语.要学好英语,我们首先必须培养对英语的兴趣.兴趣是最好的老师,兴趣是学习英语的巨大动力,有了兴趣,学习就会事半功倍.我们都有这样的经验:我们很容易抓住我们喜欢的东西,也很难抓住我们不喜欢的东西.兴趣不是与生俱来的,需要培养.一些学生说:〝当我看到英语时,我感到头痛,我如何培养对英语的兴趣?〞另一个学生说:〝我记得明天的英语单词忘了,我太笨了,唉,我治不好.〞这些都是缺乏信心的迹象.在开始学习英语时,他没有掌握正确的学习方法,没有树立获胜的信心,缺乏克服困难的勇气,失去了前进的动力.如果他有一点失败,他会把枪交给挫折,向困难低头.你会觉得英语是一门枯燥的学科,经过一段时间的学习,学习热情逐渐降低,自然不会取得好成绩.然而,在教师的帮助下,我们应该认识到学习英语的必要性,以正确的态度对待英语学习,用科学的方法指导学习.从参加英语活动开始,如唱歌.玩英语游戏.阅读英语幽默文章.练习口语对话等.长时间,了解更多,有兴趣,当然,学习有动机和欲望.那么,像农民一样,辛勤劳动.辛勤劳动和汗水,一定会取得成功和收获丰硕的成果.难道没有痛苦,就没有收获吗?练习基本技能是学好英语的必要条件.没有坚实的英语基础,你就无法继续学习,更不用说取得任何成就了. 要掌握扎实的基础技能

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英语阅读兴趣的培养【关键词】英语阅读兴趣策略优点阅读既是学生获得语言知识的平台，又是培养学生自主学习能力的一种方法，同时也是学生提高文化底蕴和加强自身修养的重要途径。我们使用的是译林牛津版的教材。译林牛津版的教材的特点是每个单元都是围绕一个话题进行编排。而教材选用的语言材料具有规范性的特点，较少体现东西方文化的差异。学生必须通过大量的课外阅读才能更好地了解西方文化。因此学生课外阅读习惯的培养就显得尤为重要。一、培养学生阅读能力的兴趣学生如果缺乏兴趣，教学则成为死亡之吻。兴趣是学习最好的老师。在课堂阅读的教学过程中，教师应让学生充分感受到英语的魅力，同时激发学生的阅读兴趣。pwp教学模式将阅读教学分为三段：pre-reading ，while-reading ，after-reading。在读前阶段，老师的导入要能够激起学生的阅读欲望。美国教育家哈曼说过：”那些不设法勾起学生求知欲望的教学，正如同捶打着一块冰冷的生铁。”一篇文章如果导入的精彩，就犹如给一个篇文章披上一层神秘面纱。使得学生跃跃欲试想一睹文章的芳容。例如牛津译林版9a 第六单元的阅读课笔者是这样导入的。课前让两个同学表演根据课文改编的哑剧。一位学生（扮演a murder）蒙面持刀冲进教室（break into ）。另一名学生（扮演 an engineer）正在用电脑工作。谋杀

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